
Setting up an educational business in France: institutional glossary
This glossary is your institutional compass for France. Each term is explained with context so that schools and investors can turn regulatory complexity into clear, actionable markers – from first idea to official recognition.
Setting up an educational business in France is not just a market move. It is an institutional endeavour. This guide gathers the key definitions (RNCP, RS, Rectorat, Qualiopi, NDA, ERP, Campus France, Parcoursup, etc.) so you can understand the framework, anticipate the main stages and design a credible trajectory toward official recognition.
Qualiopi audit
Audit carried out by an accredited certification body to verify compliance with the French National Quality Standard. It is mandatory to obtain and maintain the Qualiopi certification, which gives access to public and pooled funding. The cycle includes an initial audit and a surveillance audit.
Practical key: without a successful Qualiopi audit, your training organisation cannot benefit from CPF, OPCO or Pôle emploi funding.
Pedagogical and financial report (BPF)
Annual declaration to be sent to the DREETS before 30 April. It details the number of learners, training hours, turnover and nature of training actions carried out over the year.
Practical key: filing the BPF is required to keep your Activity Declaration Number (NDA). Failure to do so may result in deregistration.
Skills blocks
Coherent and autonomous units of competences identified within a certification registered in the RNCP. Each block corresponds to a professional activity that can be assessed and validated separately.
- Use: progressive acquisition through training and/or VAE; blocks can be capitalised toward the full certification.
- Assessment: methods and criteria are detailed in the certification framework.
- Outcome: validation of all blocks leads to obtaining the full certification.
Campus France
Public agency in charge of promoting French higher education and managing admission procedures for international students (Études en France portal).
CEFDG
Evaluation Commission for Management Training and Degrees. It reviews applications for ministerial visa and Master grade for business schools.
Professional certification
Act by which an organisation confirms that an individual has mastered a set of skills required for a given job. This mastery can be proven through training, work experience or VAE.
Practical key: registration in the RNCP or RS opens access to funding (depending on eligibility) and guarantees official recognition.
CPF (Personal Training Account)
Individual account used to finance eligible training programmes (RNCP/RS, under current rules) throughout one’s professional life.
CTI
Commission for Engineering Degrees. It issues opinions on accreditation to award the title of “ingénieur diplômé” and periodically evaluates engineering programmes.
DREETS
Regional directorates in charge, among other missions, of registering and monitoring training providers (Activity Declaration Number – NDA).
EESPIG
State qualification for private, non-profit higher education institutions contributing to the public service of higher education under a multi-year agreement with the State.
EDOF
Portal managed by the Caisse des Dépôts for publishing and managing training offers eligible for the CPF.
ERP (premises open to the public)
Regulatory category for buildings open to the public in France. Imposes fire safety and accessibility rules for any campus hosting learners.
France Compétences
National authority in charge of regulating vocational training and apprenticeship. It examines and publishes RNCP/RS registrations and issues recommendations.
HCERES
Independent public authority responsible for evaluating the quality of higher education and research institutions and their programmes.
NDA (Activity Declaration Number)
Number issued by the DREETS and required to legally operate as a training provider in France. The declaration regime and obligations are defined by the Labour Code.
OPCO
Skills operators that finance work-study training, support sector branches in building certifications and accompany SMEs in their training policy.
Parcoursup
National online platform for pre-registration into first-cycle higher education programmes recognised by the State.
Qualiopi
Quality certification mandatory for any organisation wishing to benefit from public or pooled funding. It attests compliance with the National Quality Standard (7 criteria, 32 indicators).
Practical key: without Qualiopi, you cannot access OPCO/CPF/Pôle emploi funding, even if your programmes are excellent.
Rectorat
Regional academic authority in charge of the declaration of opening and control of private higher education institutions. It may inspect the premises within 10 days of the declaration.
To go further: our dedicated page “Set up your school in France” details the Rectorat and ERP implications for an international campus.
GDPR
European regulation governing the protection of personal data (students, staff, partners). It applies to any educational institution processing personal data in or from the EU.
RNCP
National Directory of Professional Certifications targeting specific jobs. Each entry describes activities, skills, assessment methods, skills blocks and career opportunities.
Practical key: RNCP registration is generally required for CPF eligibility of job-oriented training programmes.
Want to structure an RNCP project? Discover our premium pathway for international institutions: RNCP Excellence .
RS (Specific Directory)
Directory of certifications and authorisations corresponding to complementary skills (for example language, digital tools, specific authorisations). It does not replace an RNCP qualification for a full job.
Professional qualification (TFP)
Professional certification registered in the RNCP that attests operational skills for a specific job or occupational family.
State-recognised private degree
Private degree benefiting from a ministerial visa (often via CEFDG or CTI), which confers high academic legitimacy and visibility.
VAE
Validation of acquired experience: route to obtain a degree, title or certification through formal recognition of professional experience.
Country focus: setting up in Italy and Spain
Many international institutions combine a French institutional base (Rectorat, RNCP, Qualiopi) with a rapid extension in Italy or Spain. These markers help you understand the local architecture before engaging in a dedicated feasibility audit.
Italy – MUR (Ministero dell’Università e della Ricerca)
Ministry responsible for higher education (università, AFAM). Supervises recognition of institutions and national university-level degrees.
Italy – ANVUR (quality assurance and accreditation)
National agency in charge of quality assurance. Institutional and periodic programme accreditation is based on quality standards and conditions full recognition of universities and degrees.
Italy – Recognition of foreign degrees
Two main routes: academic recognition by universities and equivalence/attestation services (CIMEA). Strategic for double degrees and recruitment.
Italy – Accreditation of vocational training providers
Formazione professionale is under regional responsibility. Accreditation is granted by each region based on nationally harmonised criteria (regional accreditation frameworks).
Spain – ANECA (quality assurance and accreditation)
National quality assurance agency for higher education. It evaluates institutions and programmes (acreditación, verificación, seguimiento, renovación).
Spain – RUCT
Official Register of Universities, Centres and Degrees (RUCT): used to check whether a programme is officially recognised at national level.
Spain – University framework (Royal Decree 822/2021)
Reforms the system of university education and quality assurance (structure of degrees, verification and accreditation processes).
Spain – Homologación / Equivalencia
Procedures for recognition of foreign university degrees by the Ministry of Universities. Necessary for certain regulated professions and for academic progression.
Spain – Registro Estatal de Entidades de Formación (SEPE / FUNDAE)
Register of providers for “formación para el empleo” (continuous vocational training). It conditions access to national training credits and funding schemes.
From vocabulary to a clear institutional roadmap
This glossary gives you the language. The Arché Audit gives you the trajectory. In 60 minutes, we assess the maturity of your project, prioritise your next steps and design a realistic route toward Rectorat, RNCP / RS, Qualiopi and, when relevant, Italy or Spain.
The Arché Audit is the signature entry point of Diligence Consulting, Maison de la diplomatie éducative, for ambitious institutions that want to treat France and Europe not just as markets, but as strategic tests.
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